Road-grading machine



P. J. OSWALD.

ROAD GRADING MACHINE.- APPLICATION FILED MAR. 29, 1920.

. Patented. @013 M19, 1922..

6 SHEETSSHEET I.

IN VEN TOR A TTORNEYwi P. J. OSWALD.

ROAD GRADING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR 29, 1920.

Patented (m 110, 1922.,

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

IN VEN TOR.

A TTORNEYGE I P. J. OSWALD. ROAD GRADING MACHINE.

' APPLICATION FILED MAR- 29, 1920. I I ILA-3 llfl l lPmnted 0%.. M1922;,

EETS-SHEH 3.

P. J. OSWALD.

ROAD GRADING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 29, 1920. b 1 1 59$ Patented Oct. 110, 11922.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

a? O M M 55 M 5 @5 I I fi P. J. OSWALD.

ROAD GRADING MACHINE. APPLICATION'FILED 'MAR. 29, 1920.

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Patented Oct. 10, 1922 6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

mm mlllll lm w Patented Oct. 10, 1922..

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

INVENTOR .wM/M/ ATTORNEY PETER J. OSWALD, OJE" BAY CITY, MICHIGAN.

ROAD-GRADING MACHINE.

Continuation of application Serial No. 277,482, filed February 17, 1919.

This application filed March 29,

1920. Serial No. 369,793;

T 0 all who mitt may concern:

Be it known that I, PETER J. OswALD, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at Bay City, in the county of Bay and State ofMichigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Road-Grading Machines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to road grading machines, and moreparticularly to that type which is motor driven and motor operated, andthis application constitutes a continuation of the application filedFebruary 17, 1919, and bearing Serial No. 277 ,482.

An object of this invention is to provide a machine of this characterwhich is capable of efficient operation upon not only the ordinary dirtroad, but also upon what are known as stone roads, which will break,grade and roll the road in one operation upon practically all kinds ofroads and particularly upon stone roads where the surface is composed ofcrushed rock gravelled over and firmly packed but continuous travel ofheavy vehicles which renders the surface of the stone road as hard asconcrete.

Another object of the invention is to provide rollers which may beincreased or decreased as to their effective weights for adapting themachine to. soils and roadways of different types, and of difl'erentdegrees of hardness. This object also embraces the provision of ayieldingly mounted supporting roller which is capable of pressing thesurface of the roadway and which also adapts itself to projections orobstacles met with during the operation of the machine.

A further object of the invention is to provide a plurality of teeth forbreaking and scraping the surface of the roadway and to peculiarlysupport the teeth for ad justment beneath the machine so that the teethwill adapt themselves to inequalities in the surface and may be readilyadjusted, removed and replaced, This feature of the invention is adaptedto facilitate the sharpening of the teeth and to admit properreplacement'and interchange thereof to meet the various conditions foundin operating the machine.

A still further object of this invention is and advantages in view, thepresent invention consists in the combination and arrangement of partshereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims, itbeing understood that changes may be made in the form,

size, proportion and minor details without departing from the spirit orsacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a road grading machine constructedaccording to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same, the canopy being removed.

Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of the machine,

Fig. 4 is an enlarged longitudinal section through the gear casingarranged across the forward portion of the machine.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section taken through one of the large rearrollers.

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the same.

I Fig. 7 is a fragmentary side elevation of v the intermediate rearroller.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary, enlarged, top plan view of the surface breakingand scraping teeth, showing the frame therefor.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary enlarged view of the same with the supportingand adjusting means therefor.

Fig. 10 is a further enlarged transverse section through the breaker andscraper, showing the mounting of the teeth therein.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged fragmentary view in section of the poweradjusting means for the scraper and breaker.

Fig. 12 is a detail top plan view of the grader knife and its support.

Fig. 13 is a side elevation of the same.

Fig. 1% is a detail side elevation, partly in section of the manuallyoperable device for adjusting the transverse angle of the blade.

Fig. 15; is an enlarged transverse section through the same taken on theline 15l5 of Fig. 14.

Fig. I6 is a top plan view of the hand ably braced to accommodate andsupport the various parts hereinafter described. 'Alr-' ranged upon themiddle of the frame is a motor 11 of preferably the internal combustionengine type and which has the usual radiator 12 and transmissionmechanism 13, the latter being controlled by a hand lever 14. The rearend of the motor 12 is connected, through the transmission mechanism 13,to a longitudinally disposed drive shaft 9 15. The shaft 15 is connectedto a suitable differential gear device 16 which includes transverseshafts 17 provided with pinions 18 meshing with toothed wheels 19carried upon the inner sides of a pair of rollers 20. The rollers 20each comprise, as best seen in Figs. 5 and 6, hollow drums or bodieswhich are closed and adapted to contain a body of fluid, such as wateror oil, and each roller has a removable plug 21 in its outer sidefacilitating introduction and removal of the fluid for varying theeffective weight of the roller.

The frame 10 is provided with a pair of spaced apart bars. 22' arrangedlongitudinally therein and having their end portions extending betweenthe rollers 20. As shown to advantage in Fig. 7, these bars 22 havesecured upon their under sides a leaf spring 23, the ends of which areshackled as at 24 to a subframe 25 upon which an intermediate roller 26is mounted. The frame 25 has depending spaced apart. brackets 27 uponwhich is journaled a shaft 28 supporting the roller 26. The roller 26 isthus mounted between the large rollers 20 and is adapted to rise andfall under tension of the spring 23 and obstacles met with in thesurface over which the machine travels.

The said longitudinal shaft 15 is adapted to be connected at its forwardend and in the usual manner with a front differential mechanism 29including transverse shafts 30 which carry pinions 31 meshing withtoothed wheels 32 secured to front steering and supporting wheels 33.These wheels 33 are mounted upon an axle 34 supported in a pivoted frame35 which is turned by chains 36 and 37.

Each chain is connected at its forward end to an I bolt 38 having aspring 39 coiled thereabout and vheld on the I bolt by a washer 40. TheI bolt is connected to the frame 35 by an ear 41 through which the Ibolt freely slides to form a yieldable connection between the chain andthe pivoted frame.- The rear ends of the chains 36 and 37 are woundoppositely upon, and are secured to a transverse shaft 42 journaled inthe frame and adapted to be turned in either direction by the motor 11.

A gear casing 43 is arranged across the frame 10 forwardly of the shaft42, and as shown in Fig. 4, is of suitable configuration foraccommodating a series of intermeshing gears as will be subsequentlydescribed.

The forward end of the crank shaft 44 of the motor 11 projects throughthe gear casing 43 and is provided therein with a gear wheel 45 whichmeshes with idlers 46 and which in turn mesh with gear wheels 47. One ofthe gear wheels 47 preferably at the right hand side of the machine,meshes with another gear wheel 48mounted upon a shaft 49 which projectsrearwardly from the cusing 43 and carries a bevel gear wheel 50.

Shdably mounted upon the transverse shaft 42 are beveled gear wheels 51and 52 arranged in spaced relation and adapted to alternately engage thebevel gear wheel 50. A rock shaft 53 is mounted in suitable bearingsupon the frame 10 and has a depending fork 54 connected to the gearwheels 51 and 52 for shiftinglthe same through a handle 55 carried uponthe rock shaft. The steering power shaft 42 may thus be driven in eitherdirection for guiding the machine through operation of the gear wheelsin the forward transmission casing 43.

The frame 10 carries, beneath its forward end and in rear of thesteering frame 35 a surface breaker which is connected by a draft bar 56to the steering frame 35 and which, as shown in Figs. 8, 9, and 10,comprises a transverse bar or frame 57 having upstanding pairs of ears58 arranged in rows at the forward and rear edges of the bar 57. Eachpair of ears has a closure or backing wall 59 forming with the cars apocket or seat into which are fitted cutter points 60 supported by thewalls 59 at the desired angle. Preferably, the inner faces of the wall59 are serrated or otherwise roughened to provide a frictional surfacefor preventin the cutter bars or teeth 50 from slipping. 11 each pocketis ivoted, or otherwise suitably disposed, a loc ing key 61having atoothed edge and adapted to be forced against the free side of thetooth] 60 by a cam or eccentrics 62. The eccentrics 62 are secured infront and rear rows upon shafts 63 which turn in the ears 58 forsimultaneously operating all of the cams of the respective row. A handle64 may be placed upon each shaft 63 for conveniently turning the shaftinto locking and releasing positions. By turning the shaft 63 the rowsof cutters may be quickly released for removing the cutters forsharpening, for interchanging the cutters or teeth, and for adjustingthe lengths of the depending ends of the teeth.

The frame of bar 57 is provided with upstanding sockets 65 preferablynear the opposite ends of the bar and arranged to receive the lower endsof chains 66, or other flexible elements upon which the bar 57 may behung. Springs 67 surround the chains 66 and are seated at their lowerends upon the sockets 65 and are compressed at their upper ends bycollars 68" set upon the upper rigid ends of the chains 66. The scraperor surface breaker may thus be urged downward at the desired tension. Abar 69 is connected to the upper ends of the chains 66 and carriesupstandin threaded rods 70 upon which are threa ed bevel pinions 71mounted in a housing 72 supported upon the frame 10. The housing 72 hasa boss 73 through which the rods 70 slidably engage and upon which thepinions 71 rest. Bracket arms or webs 74 are provided within the easing72 and overhang the bosses 73 for receiving the upper ends of the rods70 and for engaging the tops of the pinions 71. The pinions are thusheld against vertical movement and when turned cause the rods 70 to moveup or down through the casing.

The casing 72 carries a shaft 75 having a bevel gear wheel 76 thereonmeshing with the adjacent pinion 71, there being a casing 72 at eachside of the frame over the respective lifting rod 70. Within each casing72 there is also j ournaled a longitudinally shiftable shaft 77 carryingupon opposite ends,

bevel gear-wheels 78 and 79 adapted to alternately engage the oppositesides of a bevel gear wheel 80, the latter being mounted upon a shaft 81which sup orts the gear wheel 47 and which is driven tliereby. The"shaft 77 is connected by a fork 82 to a shifting rod 83 which extendslongitudinally at the side of the frame and which is adapted to berocked for shifting the shafts 77. The rods 83 are provided near theirrear ends with depend .ing arms 84 connected together .by connecting bar85 attheir lower ends for causing the simultaneous movement of the rods83.

The shafts 47 extend rearwardly from the casing 43 and project into rearcasings 84 which are arranged at opposite sides of the motor 11 andprovided with bevel gear wheels and the shafts 77 similar to theconstruction above described in the casings 72.

mounted upon the frame 10 in axial alignment with the rods or shafts 83and connected together by depending arms 87 and connecting rod 88. Theadjacent ends of the shafts 83 and 86 are notched, as at 89 and areslidably engaged in the opposite ends of the hub 90 of a -shifting lever91. The lever 91, as shown in Fig. 19, may be moved longitudinally ofthe shafts 83 and 86 and has in the hub thereof pins 92 adapted toalternately engage in the notches 89 for interlocking the desired shaft,83 or 86, to the lever 91. When interlocked, the lever 91 may then beturned to carry therewith the shaft 83 or shaft 86 for operating eitherthe teeth or the vertically movable rods 93 of a grader knife 94; Thelower ends of the vertical rods 93, constructed similar to the rods 66,are connected at their lower ends to a cross bar 95 .which is mountedupon a frame 96 connected at its forward end to the main frame 10.

The frame 96 has an upwardly inclined forward projection 97 throughwhich is slidably mounted a bolt 98 having a spring 99 thereoninterposed between the head of the bolt and the forward end of theprojection 97. The forward end of the bolt is pivoted upon a pin 100 ina bracket 101 fixed to the bottom of the frame 10 for forming ayieldable draft connection between the main frame and the grader frame96.

A turntable 102 is mounted in the frame 96 and has secured directlythereto the grader knife 94 held in position by straps 103 and braces104. The turntable 102 has internal gear teeth 105 with which meshes apinion 106 carried upon the lower end of a shaft section 107. As shownin Fig. 14, the shaft 107 has its upper end squared and fitted slidablyin a sleeve 108 which receives in its upper end a corresponding shaft109. The shaft 109 carries a bevel pinion 110 meshing with a secondbevel pinion 111 carried on a shaft 112, the latter provided with a handwheel 113 arranged above the frame 10 in a suitable position for easyaccess. Turning of the hand wheel 113 causes the turntable 102 to turnand carry the knife or blade 94 into the desired angular relationtransversely beneath the main frame 10.

The machine is also provided with a fuel tank 114 mounted preferably atone side and at the rear of the motor 11, and may have a canopy or cover115 secured upon uprights 116 which rise from the frame 10.

By control of the connections between the engine 11 and the severalmechanisms of the machine, the rollers 20 may be caused to turn fordriving the machine and the steering shaft 42 may be caused to turn indesired direction for guiding the machine in its desired path of travel.

By manipulating the lever.91 as above described it may be interlockedwith the shaft 83 for rocking the same and moving the shafts 77 of thefront gear casings 72 into position for either raising or lowering thebreaking teeth. Similarly, the lever 91 may be interlocked with theshaft 86 for rocking the latter and shifting the shafts 7 7 in the reargear casings 84 to either raise or lower the grader knife.

The rollers 20 may be filled to the desired height wit-h fluid forgiving the required weight to the rollers for packing and compressingthe road surface. The spring 23 of the rear intermediate roller is ofsufficient tension to force the small roller 26 downwardly against theroad surface with substantially the same pressure as "have the largerollers 20.

It is of course understood that the above specifically described machineis but one embodiment of this invention and that various changes andmodifications may be made in the same to accommodate the features of theinvention to conditions of manufacture and use met with in theconstruction and operation of the machine, and that such modificationsare restricted only by the scope of the following claims.

What is claimed is:

1.-In a self propelled road grading machine, a main frame having a motormounted thereon, spaced apart rollers for supporting the rear endthereof and a smaller spring actuated roller between the first mentionedrollers, a front sub-frame, and ground engaging wheels journaledthereon, means for pivotally connecting the front end of the main framethereto, a surface breaker suspended from the main frame, means forraising and lowering same, and a draft bar connection between thesurface breaker and the front sub-frame. v

2. In a self propelled road grading machine, a frame, steering wheelssupporting the forward end of the frame, a motor arranged intermediatethe ends of the frame, a shaft journaled lengthwise in the frame andhaving connection to the motor for operation thereby, steering mechanismon the forward end of the frame, breaker teeth, hoisting means on theforward end of the frame, a scraper blade hoisting means intermediatethe ends of the frame,.and transmission mechanism connected to saidmechanism and both of said means and being manually controllable forindependently actuating the same, a pair of rollers supporting the rearof the frame, and differential mechanism at the front and rear forpositively driving the ground engaging wheels.

3. In a self propelled road grading machine, a; main frame having amotor mounted thereon, spaced apart hollow wheels for supporting therear end thereof, a shaft journaled lengthwise in the frame and havingconnection with the motor, and a driving threaded rods for connectingthe tooth bar connection between the rear wheels and the said shaft, afront sub-frame, ground engaging wheels journaled thereon, means forpivotally connecting the front end of the main frame thereto, steeringmechanism on the main frame and having flexible connection to the sidesof the sub-frame, a surface breaker suspended from the main frame, meansfor raising and lowering said surface breaker and a draft bar connectionbetween the sub-frame and the surface breaker.

4. In a self-propelled road grading machine, a frame, steering wheelssupporting the forward end thereof, a motor mounted on the frame, a gearhousing arranged transversly in the forward end of the frame,intermeshing gear wheels arranged in the housing from end to endthereof, one of said gear wheels connected to the motor for driving allof said gear wheels, a steering 8o device, a surface breaker suspendedfrom the frame, a scraper bar, and means for adjusting same, clutchesfor said surface breaker and scraper bar connected to said gear wheels,and manually controlled connections between the clutches and the gearwheels for independently operating the devices through the gear wheels,spaced apart rollers supporting the rear end of the frame, a springactuated frame between the first 95 mentioned rollers, and a smallroller journaled thereon, and means for positively driving the groundengaging wheels.

5. In a self-propelled road grading machine, a frame, steering wheelssupporting the forward end thereof, a motor mounted on the frame, atrain of gear wheels carried upon the forward end of the frame with onegear wheel connected to the motor, steering mechanism on the frame,vertically adjustable surface breaking teeth carried by the frame, avertically adjustable scraper blade carried by the frame, and manuallycontrolled clutches between the ear Wheels and the steering mechanismand the vertically adjustable devices for selectively operating the sameby the motor.

6. In a self propelled road grading machine, a frame, a tooth bar,spaced apart to the frame, a flexible connector between the tooth barand the rods, ,a spring surrounding the flexible connector andadjustable thereon for urging the bar downwardly, a plurality of teethadjustably mounted on the bar, a draft bar between the tooth bar and theforward end of the frame, a friction having a threaded opening adaptedto be mounted on and engage the end of the threaded rod, and means fordriving said friction in a forward or reverse direction for raising orlowering said tooth bar.

7. In a self propelled road grading ma chine, a main frame and asub-frame to which the main frame is pivotally connected,

a tooth bar, a chain between the tooth bar and the frame for supportingthe former, teeth on the bar, a spring adjustably mounted on the chainfor urging the bar down wardly, teeth on the bar, a draft connectionbetween the main frame and the sub-frame, and means for verticallyadjusting the chain.

8. In a self propelled road ,gradingmachine, a main frame, a sub frontframe to which the main frame is pivotall connected, steering wheelssupporting the orward end of the frame, a pair of hollow rollers mountedon the rear end of the frame and adapted to receive a weight impartingsub stance, means for driving said rollers to propel the machine, andasmall spring pressed roller carried between the hollow rollers forrolling the roadway between the first mentioned driven rollers.

9. In a road grading machine, a frame, means for supporting the forwardend of the frame, a pair of transversely spaced apart rollers mountedupon the rear end of the frame, said rollers being hollow and havingremovable caps for introduction and removal of a weight impartingsubstance, a small roller arranged between the hollow rollers, and aspring connection between the small roller and the frame for supportingthe latter and permitting the small roller to rise over projections inthe surface of the roadway.

10. In a self propelled road grading machine, a main frame, a sub-frameto which the main frame is pivotally connected, a motor mounted on theframe, a shaft arranged longitudinally in the frame, a road engagingsteering mechanism on the forward end of the main frame and includingsupporting wheels on the sub-frame and a differential driving mechanismconnecting the wheels to the forward end of said shaft, rollers mountedupon the rear end of theframe, and a difi'erential driving mechanismbetween the rollers and the rear end of said shaft, for positivelydriving the ground engaging wheels.

11. In a self propelled road grading machine, a frame, a pair ofthreaded rods, pinions threaded on the rods and supported in the frame,means for turning the pinions to raise and lower the rods, a barsupported upon the lower ends of the rods, and a toothed road surfacebreaker suspended from said bar.

12. In a self propelled road grading machine, a main frame, a sub-frameto which the main frame is pivotally connected, a pair of threaded rods,pinions threaded on the rods and supported horizontally in the mainframe, a motor on the frame, a driving connection between the motor andthe pinions for turning the latter, a bar connecting the free ends ofthe rods, and a surface breaker mounted on the bar and having a draftconnection with the sub-frame, a grader bar resiliently connected to the'main frame, and means for adjusting saidbar, and hollow rollers behindthe said grader bar for sup porting the main frame and adapted to bedriven from the motor.

In testimony whereof I afix my signature.

PETER J. OSWALD.

